Heart & Cardiovascular Health Quiz

Question 1

What is considered a normal resting heart rate for a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

60–100 beats per minute

Answer

40–60 beats per minute

Answer

100–120 beats per minute

Answer

50–80 beats per minute

Question 2

Which type of cholesterol is often called 'good' cholesterol because it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

HDL (high-density lipoprotein)

Answer

LDL (low-density lipoprotein)

Answer

VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein)

Answer

Triglycerides

Question 3

What do the two numbers in a blood pressure reading represent — for example, 120/80 mmHg?

Accepted Answer

Systolic (when the heart beats) over diastolic (when the heart rests between beats)

Answer

Heart rate over resting rate

Answer

Maximum pressure over minimum pressure in the aorta only

Answer

Left ventricle pressure over right ventricle pressure

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a classic warning sign of a heart attack?

Accepted Answer

Sudden severe headache and blurred vision

Answer

Chest pain or pressure radiating to the arm or jaw

Answer

Shortness of breath, nausea, and cold sweats

Answer

Discomfort in the centre of the chest lasting more than a few minutes

Question 5

How many times does the average human heart beat in a day?

Accepted Answer

About 100,000 times

Answer

About 50,000 times

Answer

About 250,000 times

Answer

About 500,000 times

Question 6

Aerobic exercise is particularly beneficial for heart health. Which of the following is NOT primarily an aerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Powerlifting a heavy barbell

Answer

Swimming laps

Answer

Cycling at a steady pace

Answer

Brisk walking

Question 7

High blood pressure is sometimes called the 'silent killer.' Why?

Accepted Answer

It typically has no symptoms, so people can have dangerously high blood pressure without knowing it

Answer

It is caused by emotional stress that people often hide from doctors

Answer

It silently destroys relationships due to personality changes it causes

Answer

Doctors are slow to diagnose it because its symptoms resemble many other conditions

Question 8

What is the term for the build-up of fatty plaques in artery walls that can lead to heart attack and stroke?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis

Answer

Arteriosclerosis

Answer

Arrhythmia

Answer

Angina

Question 9

Which dietary fat type is most strongly linked to raising LDL ('bad') cholesterol and increasing heart disease risk?

Accepted Answer

Trans fats (partially hydrogenated oils)

Answer

Monounsaturated fats (e.g. olive oil)

Answer

Polyunsaturated fats (e.g. sunflower oil)

Answer

Omega-3 fatty acids (e.g. in oily fish)

Question 10

The Mediterranean diet is widely praised for cardiovascular benefits. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of the Mediterranean diet?

Accepted Answer

Very high consumption of red meat daily

Answer

High consumption of olive oil, vegetables, fruits, and legumes

Answer

Moderate consumption of fish and seafood

Answer

Moderate red wine consumption with meals

Question 11

What happens during a stroke?

Accepted Answer

Blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, causing brain cells to die

Answer

The heart stops beating due to an electrical malfunction

Answer

A blood vessel in the heart ruptures, causing internal bleeding

Answer

The heart beats too rapidly for blood to circulate effectively

Question 12

How much moderate-intensity aerobic exercise do health guidelines generally recommend for adults per week for cardiovascular health?

Accepted Answer

At least 150 minutes

Answer

At least 75 minutes

Answer

At least 300 minutes

Answer

At least 60 minutes

Question 13

Omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for heart health. Which food is the richest natural source?

Accepted Answer

Oily fish such as salmon, mackerel, and sardines

Answer

Lean chicken breast

Answer

Brown rice

Answer

Whole milk dairy products

Question 14

Smoking is one of the biggest risk factors for heart disease. How does smoking damage the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

It damages blood vessel walls, reduces oxygen, promotes clot formation, raises blood pressure, and accelerates atherosclerosis

Answer

It only affects the lungs and does not directly harm the heart

Answer

It primarily raises heart rate but does not damage vessel walls

Answer

It only raises LDL cholesterol with no other direct cardiovascular effects

Question 15

What is a cardiac arrhythmia?

Accepted Answer

An abnormal heart rhythm — the heart beats too fast, too slow, or irregularly

Answer

A narrowing of the coronary arteries due to plaque build-up

Answer

Inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis)

Answer

Weakness of the heart muscle preventing effective pumping (cardiomyopathy)

Question 16

What does the term 'cardiovascular fitness' or 'VO2 max' measure?

Accepted Answer

The maximum rate at which your body can consume oxygen during intense exercise — a key measure of aerobic fitness

Answer

The maximum weight your heart muscle can withstand during exercise

Answer

The minimum heart rate achieved during complete rest

Answer

The ratio of heart muscle mass to body weight

Question 17

Which of the following lifestyle changes has the GREATEST single impact on reducing blood pressure for people with hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Losing excess weight

Answer

Reducing caffeine intake

Answer

Eating more fibre

Answer

Reducing screen time

Question 18

What is the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

A heart attack is a circulation problem (blocked artery); cardiac arrest is an electrical problem (heart stops beating)

Answer

They are the same condition with different severities

Answer

A heart attack is always fatal; cardiac arrest can be survived without treatment

Answer

Cardiac arrest only occurs in older people; heart attacks can occur at any age

Question 19

Stress is linked to cardiovascular disease. Which hormone, released during the stress response, is most directly linked to increased heart rate and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Serotonin

Question 20

The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) is recommended for heart health. What is its primary nutritional focus?

Accepted Answer

High intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy, with reduced sodium and saturated fat

Answer

Very low carbohydrate, high fat and protein intake

Answer

Eliminating all animal products and focusing on plant-based foods only

Answer

Intermittent fasting combined with high-protein meals