States of Matter & Particle Theory Quiz

Question 1

What are the three common states of matter?

Accepted Answer

Solid, liquid, and gas

Answer

Hard, soft, and liquid

Answer

Dense, fluid, and dispersed

Answer

Crystal, fluid, and vapour

Question 2

In the particle model, how are particles arranged in a solid?

Accepted Answer

Closely packed in a regular pattern, vibrating about fixed positions

Answer

Randomly spread out with lots of space between them

Answer

Randomly arranged but close together

Answer

Spread out and moving freely in all directions

Question 3

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

Accepted Answer

Evaporation occurs only at the surface at any temperature; boiling occurs throughout the liquid only at the boiling point

Answer

They are exactly the same process

Answer

Boiling occurs at the surface; evaporation occurs throughout

Answer

Evaporation only happens below 0°C

Question 4

What is sublimation?

Accepted Answer

The direct change from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state

Answer

A solid melting into a liquid

Answer

A liquid evaporating quickly

Answer

A gas condensing directly into a solid

Question 5

What happens to the temperature of a substance during a change of state (e.g. melting)?

Accepted Answer

Temperature remains constant until the change of state is complete

Answer

Temperature increases rapidly

Answer

Temperature decreases

Answer

Temperature oscillates during the change

Question 6

What is Brownian motion?

Accepted Answer

The random, erratic movement of small particles suspended in a fluid, caused by collisions with fluid molecules

Answer

The vibration of particles in a solid

Answer

The circular motion of gas particles

Answer

The regular oscillation of molecules in a liquid

Question 7

What is latent heat?

Accepted Answer

The energy required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature

Answer

Heat stored in the nucleus of atoms

Answer

The heat energy lost during cooling

Answer

The energy stored in chemical bonds

Question 8

What is diffusion?

Accepted Answer

The movement of particles from a region of high concentration to low concentration

Answer

The random vibration of particles in a solid

Answer

The separation of a mixture by boiling

Answer

The expansion of a gas when heated

Question 9

Why do gases diffuse faster than liquids?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles move much faster and have much more space between them, so they collide less frequently and spread out more quickly

Answer

Gas particles are lighter

Answer

Gas particles are smaller in size

Answer

Gases have higher concentration gradients

Question 10

What happens to gas pressure when the volume of a container is halved (temperature constant)?

Accepted Answer

Pressure doubles

Answer

Pressure halves

Answer

Pressure stays the same

Answer

Pressure quadruples

Question 11

What is plasma?

Accepted Answer

A fourth state of matter consisting of ionised gas with freely moving electrons and ions

Answer

A liquid metal like mercury

Answer

A type of colloid

Answer

A very cold state of matter

Question 12

What is the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion speeds up because particles have more kinetic energy and move faster

Answer

Diffusion slows down

Answer

Diffusion stops

Answer

Temperature has no effect on diffusion rate

Question 13

What is the kinetic theory of gases?

Accepted Answer

A model that describes gas behaviour in terms of rapidly moving particles colliding with each other and the container walls

Answer

A theory that all gas particles are stationary

Answer

A theory about how gases condense into liquids

Answer

A model describing gas particles as waves

Question 14

What is absolute zero?

Accepted Answer

The theoretical temperature (−273.15°C or 0 K) at which particles have minimum kinetic energy

Answer

The melting point of ice at −273°C

Answer

0°C, the freezing point of water

Answer

The temperature at which all gases condense

Question 15

What is the name of the change of state from gas to liquid?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Deposition

Question 16

Why does water expand when it freezes?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules form a hexagonal crystalline structure with hydrogen bonds that takes up more space than liquid water

Answer

Water gains heat energy as it freezes

Answer

Liquid water is less dense than ice

Answer

The atoms in water grow larger at low temperatures

Question 17

How does increasing temperature affect gas pressure in a sealed container of fixed volume?

Accepted Answer

Pressure increases because particles move faster and hit the walls more often and with greater force

Answer

Pressure decreases

Answer

Pressure stays constant

Answer

Temperature has no effect on pressure in a sealed container

Question 18

What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture in terms of melting point?

Accepted Answer

Pure substances have a sharp, fixed melting point; mixtures melt over a range of temperatures

Answer

Mixtures melt at higher temperatures than pure substances

Answer

There is no difference in melting behaviour

Answer

Mixtures have a lower melting point only if they are alloys

Question 19

What is surface tension?

Accepted Answer

The tendency of the surface of a liquid to contract, due to cohesive forces between molecules at the surface

Answer

The pressure inside a gas bubble

Answer

The friction between a liquid and its container

Answer

The weight of liquid pressing on the surface below

Question 20

What is meant by the term 'vapour pressure'?

Accepted Answer

The pressure exerted by a vapour in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase at a given temperature

Answer

The pressure of steam in a boiler

Answer

The pressure required to liquify a gas

Answer

The gas pressure in a sealed container